外来务工人员在京需求与融入分析

　　摘要

　　外来务工人员是北京市常住外来人口的重要构成部分。他们以新生代为主体，多数只有中学文化程度，主要从事劳动密集型产业，对自身经济社会地位评价偏低。调查分析发现，一方面，外来务工人员缺乏较高水平的需求和融入动机。另一方面，基本公共服务的供给并不能满足他们的基本需求，他们在住房、就医、子女受教育机会、权益保护机制等方面仍遭遇“天花板”效应。这也给城市人口调控提供了政策导向。

　　关键词：外来务工人员 城市融入 基本需求 人口规划

　　Abstract

　　Migrant workers are important part of the long-term migrant resident population in Beijing. Most of them are new-generation migrant workers，just received the degree of high school education，and engage in labor-intensive industries. All of that cause the lower self-evaluation in socio-economic status. Based on the survey about Migrant workers in Beijing，some characteristics have been distinguished. On the one hand，they have the lower will to integrate into urban life；on the other hand，their basic human needs，such as housing，medical care，elementary education of their children，and right protection can’t be met by the present Basic public service system of Beijing. So some actions are needed to take for better urban development.

　　Keywords：Migrant Workers  Urban Inclusion  Elementary Human Need  Population Planning